Keywords
Norwegian Scabies
Pathogenesis
Clinical Manifestations
Diagnosis
Treatment
How to Cite
Abstract
Crusted scabies is a rare but severe skin condition that predominantly affects immunocompromised and elderly individuals, with potentially fatal outcomes if untreated. It can also trigger institutional outbreaks, complicating public health responses. Diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping features with other dermatological conditions. In 2016, crusted scabies was classified as a notifiable disease in Australia’s Northern Territory. This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for crusted scabies over a period of 20 years ending in December 2022. A critical literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research4life for studies published between January 2003 and December 2022. Relevant articles in English discussing pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies were reviewed. Crusted scabies is characterized by a Th1-to-Th2 immune shift, leading to hyperkeratosis, extensive scaling, and minimal pruritus. Diagnostic methods include microscopy, dermatoscopy, biopsy, PCR, and serodiagnosis. Treatments involve topical scabicides, keratolytic agents, and oral ivermectin. Standardized protocols for diagnosis and treatment are needed to address variability in current practices. Early diagnosis and timely management are critical to improving patient outcomes and preventing complications, including sepsis and nosocomial outbreaks.
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